What does "cognitive distortions" refer to?

Cognitive distortions refer to faulty or exaggerated thought patterns that can negatively influence a person's perceptions, beliefs, and emotions. These distortions often lead to a skewed interpretation of reality, causing individuals to misinterpret situations or engage in negative self-talk. For example, someone might engage in "all-or-nothing" thinking, viewing situations in black-and-white terms without recognizing shades of gray, which can contribute to feelings of inadequacy or hopelessness.

Understanding cognitive distortions is crucial in therapeutic settings because they play a significant role in various mental health issues, including anxiety and depression. By identifying and challenging these distorted thoughts, therapists help clients develop healthier ways of thinking that can lead to improved emotional well-being and more constructive behavior. This process is often a core component of cognitive-behavioral therapy, where individuals are taught to recognize these patterns and reframe their thoughts more positively and realistically.